Let’s celebrate sleep
Discover surprising facts about sleep, some lesser-known sleep disorders, a guide to sleep routines and hygiene, as well as a variety of content that can help you sleep better.
5 surprising facts about sleep


Sleep routines
Our guide on sleep hygiene is aimed at making people aware of lifestyle habits related to their diet, their activities and certain environmental factors that could affect the quality of their sleep.
Lesser-known sleep disorders
Insomnia
Insomnia is characterized by dissatisfaction with the length and quality of sleep, due to difficulty falling asleep at night (initial insomnia), frequent or prolonged awakenings during the night (maintenance insomnia), or early awakenings in the morning without being able to go back to sleep (terminal insomnia).
Bruxism
Bruxism (teeth grinding) is a sleep disorder that is treated with stress management techniques, oral appliances and more rarely, medication.
Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS)
Certain repetitive movements can disrupt sleep. Non-medicinal approaches are effective in moderate cases, but medication is sometimes required.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS)
Certain sensations in the legs can interfere with sleep. To go to sleep, non-medicinal approaches may be enough, but sometimes medication is needed.
Idiopathic hypersomnia
Idiopathic hypersomnia, or excessive daytime sleepiness, has no known cause but symptoms can be treated with medication.
Hormonal changes and sleep
Major disruptions

- Hormonal changes that take place during adolescence lead to a delay in the biological clock. As a result, teenagers tend to stay up late and get up late.
- There appears to be a clear link between success at school and the time when classes begin. The earlier classes begin, the higher the rate of students who drop out.
- Some teenagers will remain night owls for their entire lives.

- Among other things, the production of estrogen and progesterone helps maintain muscle tone in the airways. At menopause, with the decline of these hormones, this protection decreases, resulting in the prevalence of sleep apnea doubling for this age group. Another contributing factor is that women tend to gain weight after menopause, building up more fatty tissue in the neck, which can lead to obstruction of the airways.
- Menopause also causes a major increase in sympathetic activity. This activation is accompanied by the release of cortisol (the stress hormone) which creates a state of hypervigilance, therefore interfering with sleep.

- As we get older, the signals that our biological clock sends to the brain to wake up or fall asleep diminish over time. Part of the problem is a drop in body temperature that happens earlier in the evening for elderly people. A lower body temperature is related to sleepiness. As a result, older people often go to bed very early and get up very early as well.
- Sleeping continuously is no longer as easy, and afternoon naps are common among older adults.
- Although we might think older people sleep less, they actually need the same number of hours of sleep per day, on average, as people in the prime of their lives.