Transmission, symptoms and screening for gonorrhea

Gonorrhea (also known as the clap) is a STBBI (sexually transmitted infection) caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This bacterial infection is on the rise in Canada and is becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Gonorrhea is more often asymptomatic in women compared to men and can be transmitted without the individual being aware that he is infected. An individual can be infected more than once by the bacteria.

Gonorrhea is transmitted during unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal, oral or anal with or without penetration) with an infected person. The infection can also be transmitted by sharing sexual toys. Gonorrhea can be transmitted from a mother to her baby during delivery.

Most people who are infected do not experience any symptoms. Symptoms usually appear between 2 and 7 days after exposure to the bacterium.

In women, symptoms can include:

• A burning sensation when urinating
• A vaginal discharge (thick and yellowish) or abnormal vaginal bleeding
• An anal discharge or itching
• Pain or bleeding during sexual intercourse
• Lower abdominal pain

In men, symptoms can include:

• A burning sensation when urinating
• Itching or discharge from the penis or anus (thick and greenish-yellow)
• Testicular pain and swelling
• A sore throat or swelling of the throat